Suggested Certification for Automation Testing

ISTQB Test Automation Engineering Certification

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Interview Questions and Answers

Keyword-driven testing is a testing technique where test actions are defined as keywords. Test scripts are created by combining keywords and associated data. This approach allows non-technical users to participate in test automation.

Test coverage can be measured by analyzing the code paths that are exercised by the automated tests. Code coverage tools can be used to determine the percentage of code that is covered by the tests.

Best practices include using meaningful names for test scripts and variables, writing modular and reusable code, using assertions to validate expected results, handling exceptions gracefully, and documenting test scripts clearly.

Debugging techniques include using logging statements to track the execution flow, using breakpoints to pause execution and inspect variables, using debugging tools provided by the IDE, and analyzing error messages to identify the root cause of failures.

Skills include programming knowledge (e.g., Java, Python, C#), understanding of testing principles, experience with automation testing tools, knowledge of test automation frameworks, ability to write clear and concise test cases, and strong problem-solving skills.

Dynamic elements can be handled using various techniques such as XPath axes, CSS selectors, relative locators, explicit waits, and retrying element interactions.

Continuous integration (CI) is a development practice where code changes are frequently integrated into a shared repository. Automation testing is often integrated into the CI pipeline to automatically execute tests whenever code is committed, providing early feedback on code quality.

Data-driven testing is a testing technique where the test data is separated from the test scripts. The same test script can be executed multiple times with different sets of data, improving test coverage and reducing redundancy.

Manual testing involves executing tests manually by a human tester, while automation testing uses software tools to execute pre-scripted tests automatically. Manual testing is good for exploratory testing and usability testing, while automation is better for regression and performance testing.

Selenium is a popular open-source automation testing framework for web applications. It supports multiple browsers, programming languages, and operating systems. It allows testers to automate browser interactions and validate web application functionality.

POM is a design pattern that creates an object repository for web page elements. Each page in the application has a corresponding page object, which encapsulates the elements and actions that can be performed on that page. This improves maintainability and reusability of test scripts.

Types include UI testing, API testing, unit testing, performance testing, security testing, and mobile testing.

A Test Automation Framework is a set of guidelines, standards, and tools that provide a structured approach to designing, developing, executing, and reporting automated tests. It improves maintainability, reusability, and efficiency.

Common types include Linear Automation, Modular Automation, Data-Driven Automation, Keyword-Driven Automation, and Hybrid Automation.

Consider factors like project requirements, budget, technical expertise, tool features, ease of use, platform compatibility, reporting capabilities, and community support.

Challenges include high initial investment, maintenance of test scripts, selection of appropriate tools, environment setup, handling dynamic elements, and ensuring adequate test coverage.

Benefits include increased test coverage, faster execution, reduced testing time, improved accuracy, early defect detection, reusability of test scripts, and continuous testing capabilities.

Automation is best suited for regression testing, repetitive tasks, performance testing, load testing, and tests that require large datasets. Its also beneficial for stable features that are unlikely to change frequently.

Popular tools include Selenium, Cypress, Playwright, Appium, JUnit, TestNG, Robot Framework, and Cucumber.

Automation testing uses software tools to execute pre-scripted tests on a software application, comparing the results to expected outcomes to validate functionality and identify defects. It aims to reduce manual effort and improve testing efficiency.

Faster Feedback Cycle.

- Team Saves Time.

- Reduced costs for the company.

- Good Test Coverage.

- Reusability of Test Suite.

- Faster Time to Market.

- Better Perspectives and Insights.

- Improved Accurac

Highly repeatable functional test cases.

- Regression Testing, Performance Testing, Load Testing.

- A lot of data entry is involved.

- Just to know if a test case is pass or fail.

- Tests produce a known and identical outcomes.

Some examples of test cases that cannot be automated:

- Exploratory tests.

- UX tests.

- UI tests.

- API tests.

- Better handling complex scenarios.

- Lower risk for false negatives.

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A framework for testing is a set of guidelines or rules that are used to build and design test cases. A framework consists of a variety of activities and resources designed to help to test accurately.

Agile Test Automation improves quality assurance and speeds the development of applications. Automation offers the requisite agility for testing and allows it to react to changes faster and more effectively.

Types of Automated Testing Frameworks

- Linear Automation Framework.

- Modular Based Testing Framework.

- Library Architecture Testing Framework.

- Data-Driven Framework.

- Keyword-Driven Framework.

- Hybrid Test

The risks of testing for automation are described below:

- Underestimating in some test scenarios the ability of human testers.

- Unrealistic expectations from the automation testing tools.

- Incorrect estimation of time and effort.<

Steps to pick the right Automation Test Tool:

- Understand your project requirements thoroughly.

- As a benchmark, consider your current test automation tool.

- Identify the main requirements which are necessary for a project.

Some of the best Automation Testing Tools:

- Kobiton.

- Selenium.

- TestProject.

- Subject7.

- Ranorex.

- ZeuZ.

- TestArchitect

- LambdaTest

- QTP

- Watir.

Unit Testing.

- Smoke Testing.

- Functional Testing.

- Integration Testing.

- Regression Testing.

Using Selenium WebDriver:

- Create a Selenium WebDriver instance.

- Configure browser.

- Navigate to the required web page and locate the relevant web element.

- Perform action on the web element.

- Verify and validate

The Build Verification Test is a series of tests performed on each new build to verify that the build will be verified before it is released for further testing by the test team.

Automated Testing Process:

- Test Tool Selection.

- Define the scope of Automation.

- Planning, Design, Development and Execution.

- Maintenance.

A Test Script is a series of instructions that is executed on a system under test to verify that the system performs as expected.

Explain with examples that sync with the job description.

Model–view–controller(MVC) is a software design pattern used for developing user interfaces that separate the related program logic into three interconnected elements. Each of these components is built to handle specific development aspects of an applicat

Explain specific instances with respect to the job JD.

Explain specific instances with respect to the job JD.

A good software engineer is someone who is not only competent to write code but also competent to create, produce and ship useful software.

The primary aim of the code review is to ensure that the codebase overall product quality is maintained over time. It helps give a fresh set of eyes to identify bugs and simple coding errors. All of the tools and processes of code review are designed to t

Use a phased life-cycle plan, Continuous validation, Maintain product control, Use the latest programming practices, Maintain clear accountability for results.

Software engineering always requires a fair amount of teamwork. The code needs to be understood by designers, developers, other coders, testers, team members and the entire IT team.

Schedule, Quality, Cost, Stakeholder Satisfaction, Performance

The most common software sizing methodology has been counting the lines of code written in the application source. Another approach is to do Functional Size Measurement, to express the functionality size as a number by performing Function point analysis.

The major parts to project estimation are effort estimation, cost estimation, resource estimate. In estimation, there are many methods used as best practices in project management such as-Analogous estimation, Parametric estimation, Delphi process, 3 Poin

software configuration management (SCM) is the task of tracking and controlling changes in the software code, part of the larger cross-disciplinary field of configuration management. Whereas change management deals with identification, impact analysis, do

Basecamp, Teamwork Projects, ProofHub, Zoho Projects, Nifty, Trello, JIRA, Asana, Podio, etc.

A feasibility study is a study that takes into account all of the related factors of a project — including economic, technological, legal, and scheduling considerations — to assess the probability of completing the project.

Functional requirements are the specifications explicitly requested by the end-user as essential facilities the system should provide. Non-functional requirements are the quality constraints that the system must satisfy according to the project contract,