Suggested Certification for Sybase DBA

C_TADM54_75 – System Administration (SAP ASE)
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Interview Questions and Answers

`sp_configure` is used to modify server configuration parameters such as memory allocation, cache sizes, and network settings. Careful planning and testing are required when changing these parameters.

`TRUNCATE TABLE` is faster because it deallocates the data pages and does not log individual row deletions. `DELETE FROM TABLE` logs each row deletion, making it slower but allowing rollback.

Sybase ASE supports LOB data types like `TEXT` and `IMAGE`. Consider using `READTEXT`, `WRITETEXT`, and `UPDATETEXT` statements to manipulate LOB data. Streaming LOB data can improve performance.

Disk space is managed by monitoring table sizes, segment utilization, and database size. You can extend databases by adding devices and use `sp_spaceused` to analyze space consumption. Archive or purge old data.

Sybase ASE uses row-level locking, page-level locking, and table-level locking. You can influence locking behavior using `SET LOCK MODE`. Understanding lock contention is crucial for performance tuning.

Sybase ASE supports database mirroring and replication using features like warm standby and Sybase Replication Server. Replication allows data to be copied to other systems, while mirroring provides failover capabilities.

Key differences include the underlying architecture, SQL syntax, tools, and specific features offered. Sybase ASE is known for its strong performance in certain OLTP environments. Consider licensing costs as well.

Upgrading involves backing up the database, installing the new version, running the upgrade scripts provided by Sybase, and testing the upgraded system thoroughly.

Indexes improve query performance by providing faster access to data. Indexes are created using the `CREATE INDEX` statement. Consider clustered vs non-clustered indexes and composite indexes based on query patterns.

User security is managed using the `CREATE LOGIN`, `CREATE USER`, `GRANT`, and `REVOKE` statements. Roles and groups can also be used to simplify permission management.

Sybase ASE supports isolation levels such as Read Committed, Read Uncommitted, Repeatable Read, Serializable. Understanding the trade-offs between concurrency and data consistency is important when choosing an isolation level.

Deadlocks can be handled by reducing transaction duration, optimizing indexes, using consistent locking strategies, and setting the `deadlock retries` configuration parameter. Monitoring `monSysLocks` can help identify deadlock patterns.

The transaction log records all database modifications, enabling recovery in case of failures and ensuring data consistency and durability.

Sybase ASE follows a client-server architecture with the database server managing data. Key components include the server process, data caches, transaction log, system databases, and user databases. The server uses a process per connection model.

Backups are performed using the `dump database` and `dump transaction` commands. Recovery involves using the `load database` and `load transaction` commands, potentially in conjunction with transaction log replay. Point-in-time recovery is possible.

Sybase ASE supports full database backups, transaction log backups, and differential backups (with additional steps involving creating a backup server).

Performance monitoring involves using tools like Sybase Central, `sp_monitor`, `monSysSQLText`, `monProcessActivity`, and monitoring system tables. Third-party tools are also commonly used.

Troubleshooting slow queries involves using tools like `SET SHOWPLAN ON`, `SET STATISTICS IO ON`, examining query execution plans, checking indexes, and analyzing table statistics. Rewriting the query is often necessary.

Core responsibilities include database installation, configuration, performance tuning, backup and recovery, security administration, user management, capacity planning, troubleshooting, and ensuring data integrity.

Installation involves using the Sybase installer or command-line tools. Configuration includes setting memory parameters, network settings, character sets, and configuring server options using `sp_configure`.

SQL is data oriented language.

- To write queries, construct and execute DDL and DML statements, SQL is used.



- PL/SQL is application oriented language.

- PL/SQL is used to write program blocks, functions, procedures, trigger

CHAR is used for storing fix length character strings. It will waste disk space if this type is used to store variable length strings.

Varchar stands for variable length character string. Both Varchar and Varchar2 are data types to store character

: DDL - Data Definition Language consists of the SQL commands that can be used to define the database schema. is a syntax for creating and modifying database objects such as tables, indices, and users. Examples of DDL commands: Create, Drop, Alter, Trunca

Define business requirements first.

- SELECT fields instead of using SELECT *

- Avoid SELECT DISTINCT.

- Create joins with INNER JOIN (not WHERE)

- Use WHERE instead of HAVING to define filters.

- Use LIMIT to sample que

Data Integrity, Data Privacy, Data Consistency, Data is easily accessible with fast response times, Backup and Recovery, Easy Distribution

Explain with examples that sync with the job description.

Explain specific instances with respect to the job JD

(1) Choose the Right Technology when picking up a programming language, Database, Communication Channel.

(2) The ability to run multiple servers and databases as a distributed application over multiple time zones.

(3)Database backup, correcti

Software testing is called the process or method of identifying errors in an application or system, such that the application works according to the requirement of end-users. It is an examination carried out to provide users the information on the quality

Explain specific instances with respect to the job JD

A good software engineer is someone who is not only competent to write code but also competent to create, produce and ship useful software

Use a phased life-cycle plan, Continuous validation, Maintain product control, Use the latest programming practices, Maintain clear accountability for results.

Software engineering always requires a fair amount of teamwork. The code needs to be understood by designers, developers, other coders, testers, team members and the entire IT team.

Schedule, Quality, Cost, Stakeholder Satisfaction, Performance

A software project manager determines the project specifications, builds the project team, draws up a blueprint for the whole project outlining the scope and criteria of the project, clearly communicates the project goals to the team; allocates budget, an

The most common software sizing methodology has been counting the lines of code written in the application source. Another approach is to do Functional Size Measurement, to express the functionality size as a number by performing Function point analysis.

The major parts to project estimation are effort estimation, cost estimation, resource estimate. In estimation, there are many methods used as best practices in project management such as-Analogous estimation, Parametric estimation, Delphi process, 3 Poin

software configuration management (SCM) is the task of tracking and controlling changes in the software code, part of the larger cross-disciplinary field of configuration management. Whereas change management deals with identification, impact analysis, do

Basecamp, Teamwork Projects, ProofHub, Zoho Projects, Nifty, Trello, JIRA, Asana, Podio, etc.

A feasibility study is a study that takes into account all of the related factors of a project — including economic, technological, legal, and scheduling considerations — to assess the probability of completing the project.

Functional requirements are the specifications explicitly requested by the end-user as essential facilities the system should provide. Non-functional requirements are the quality constraints that the system must satisfy according to the project contract,

Quality control can be described as part of quality management that is focused on fulfilling quality requirements. While quality assurance relates to how a process is performed or how a product is made

Single Responsibility Principle (SRP), Open/Closed Principle (OCP), Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP), Interface Segregation Principle (ISP), Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP).