Fiber A unit of matter, either natural or manufactured, that forms the basic element of fabrics and other textile structures is called Fiber.
Yarn Yarn is a long continuous length of interlocked fibres, suitable for use in the production of textiles, sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, embroidery, or ropemaking. Thread is a type of yarn intended for sewing by hand or machine.
Fabric A textile is a flexible material made by creating an interlocking network of yarns or threads, which are produced by spinning raw fibres into long and twisted lengths. Textiles are then formed by weaving, knitting, crocheting, knotting, tatting, felting, bonding, or braiding these yarns together.
Natural fibers Natural fibre, any hair like raw material directly obtainable from an animal, vegetable, or mineral source and convertible into nonwoven fabrics such as felt or paper or, after spinning into yarns, into woven cloth. Most are slender, flexible, and relatively strong.
Man made fibers Manmade fibres (MMF) are mainly of two types viz., synthetic and cellulosic. Synthetic fibres are produced from crude oil and cellulosic fibres are from wood pulp. The main varieties of synthetic staple fibres are polyester, acrylic and polypropylene. Cellulosic fibre is viscose fibre, modal, etc.
Mineral fibers A general term for any nonmetallic, inorganic fibers. Examples of mineral fibers are Asbestos, graphite, and glass. Asbestos occurs naturally as fibers. Synthetic mineral fibers, called slag wool or Rock wool, are produced by blowing air or steam through molten rock or slag.
Metallic fibers Metallic fiber, in textiles, synthetic fibre, known generically as metallic, including manufactured fibres composed of metal, Metalcoated plastic, or of a core covered by metal (usually aluminum). Trademarked names include Chromeflex, Lurex, and Melora.
Nylon Nylon is a synthetic manmade fibre derived from petrochemicals, which is used extensively throughout the fashion industry.
Polyester Polyester fibres are sometimes spun together with natural fibres to produce fabric with blended properties. Wool and cotton can be a good example as when they are blended together, it improves crease resistance.
Spandex Spandex is a lightweight, soft smooth synthetic fiber which has a unique elasticity.
Glass fiber Glass fibre is a special type of synthetic fibre. The versatility of glass as a fibre makes it unique industrial textile material. Glass fibres are used as reinforcement of polymers in various fields such as aerospace, automobile, marine, sporting and leisure goods, and construction and civil engineering.
Seam In sewing, a seam is the join where two or more layers of fabric, leather, or other materials are held together with stitches.
Tufting It is process of creating threedimensional textile surfaces.